Whenever a subject attempts to access an object, an authorization rule enforced by the operating system kernel examines these security attributes and decides whether the access can take place. Subjects and objects each have a set of security attributes. In the case of operating systems, a subject is usually a process or thread objects are constructs such as files, directories, TCP/ UDP ports, shared memory segments, IO devices, etc. In computer security, mandatory access control ( MAC) refers to a type of access control by which the operating system or database constrains the ability of a subject or initiator to access or generally perform some sort of operation on an object or target. JSTOR ( January 2018) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).
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